Of by; Louis XIV by; Adoration of the Magi by;, Bavaria Years active 17th–18th century Country Europe and Latin America The Baroque (:,: ) is a highly ornate and often extravagant of,,, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th until the mid-18th century. It followed the and preceded the (in the past often referred to as 'late Baroque') and styles. It was encouraged by the as a means to counter the simplicity and austerity of architecture, art and music, though developed in parts of Europe as well. The Baroque style used contrast, movement, exuberant detail, deep colour, grandeur and surprise to achieve a sense of awe. The style began at the start of the 17th century in Rome, then spread rapidly to France, northern Italy, Spain and Portugal, then to Austria and southern Germany. By the 1730s, it had evolved into an even more flamboyant style, called or, which appeared in France and central Europe until the mid to late 18th century. Quadratura or ceiling of the Church of the Jesu, Rome, by (1669–1683) The Baroque style of architecture was a result of doctrines adopted by the at the in 1545–63, in response to the. The first phase of the had imposed a severe, academic style on religious architecture, which had appealed to intellectuals but not the mass of churchgoers. The Council of Trent decided instead to appeal to a more popular audience, and declared that the arts should communicate religious themes with direct and emotional involvement. Lutheran Baroque art developed as a confessional marker of identity, in response to the of. Baroque churches were designed with a large central space, where the worshippers could be close to the altar, with a dome or cupola high overhead, allowing light to illuminate the church below. The dome was one of the central symbolic features of baroque architecture illustrating the union between the heavens and the earth, The inside of the cupola was lavishly decorated with paintings of angels and saints, and with stucco statuettes of angels, giving the impression to those below of looking up at heaven. User manual example. Another feature of baroque churches are the quadratura; paintings on the ceiling in stucco frames, either real or painted, crowded with paintings of saints and angels and connected by architectural details with the balustrades and consoles. Quadratura paintings of below the cornices appear to be supporting the ceiling of the church. Unlike the painted ceilings of Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel, which combined different scenes, each with its own perspective, to be looked at one at a time, the Baroque ceiling paintings were carefully created so the viewer on the floor of the church would see the entire ceiling in correct perspective, as if the figures were real. The interiors of baroque churches became more and more ornate in the High Baroque, and focused around the altar, usually placed under the dome. The most celebrated baroque decorative works of the High Baroque are the (1647–53) and the (1623–34), both by, in in Rome. The Baldequin of St. Peter is an example of the balance of opposites in Baroque art; the gigantic proportions of the piece, with the apparent lightness of the canopy; and the contrast between the solid twisted columns, bronze, gold and marble of the piece with the flowing draperies of the angels on the canopy. The serves as a prominent example of Lutheran Baroque art, which was completed in 1743 after being commissioned by the Lutheran city council of Dresden and was 'compared by eighteenth-century observers to St Peter’s in Rome'.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |